Key points
- Many young children are active and easily distracted. ADHD is considered when the patterns are persistent, more than expected for their age and affect daily life.
- Signs usually show up in more than one place, such as at home and at school.
- Notes from home and school help the assessment. You do not need to have all the answers before you book.
Every child has days when they cannot sit still, forget what they were asked to do or rush through their homework. That is a normal part of growing up. For some children, though, difficulties with attention, activity and impulse control are persistent, more than expected for their age and get in the way at home, at school and with friends. That is when it can be worth asking about ADHD.
The three ways ADHD can show up
ADHD is described in three presentations. A child may mainly have difficulty with attention, mainly have hyperactivity and impulsivity, or have a combination of both.
- Inattention: often seems not to listen, loses things, makes careless mistakes, struggles to follow instructions or finish tasks, and is easily distracted.
- Hyperactivity: fidgets, has trouble staying seated, runs or climbs at unsuitable times, talks a lot and seems driven by a motor.
- Impulsivity: blurts out answers, has trouble waiting for a turn and interrupts others.
Children with the mainly inattentive presentation can be quiet daydreamers rather than disruptive, so their difficulties are sometimes missed.
What parents and teachers often notice
At home, parents may notice that morning routines, homework and bedtime are a daily struggle, or that their child seems to need far more reminders than siblings or friends. At school, teachers may describe a child who is bright but does not finish work, who is often out of their seat, or who drifts off during lessons. Some children have trouble with friendships because they find it hard to take turns or manage frustration.
ADHD is not caused by poor parenting, too much sugar or screen time. It is a neurodevelopmental condition, and it often runs in families.
Other things that can look like ADHD
Several conditions can cause similar behaviour, and some occur alongside ADHD. These include hearing or vision problems, sleep difficulties, anxiety, learning difficulties, autism and stressful life events. Part of an assessment is looking carefully at these possibilities.
Taking the next step
If you are concerned, a GP appointment is a good place to start. It helps to bring:
- Notes on what you have noticed, when it started and where it happens.
- School reports, or a short note from your child’s teacher.
- Any previous reports from health or education professionals.
Your GP can talk through your concerns, check for other causes and explain the assessment pathway. Assessment of children often involves input from home and school, and may include a paediatrician, psychologist or other professionals, depending on your child’s needs.
ADHD care in Aberdeen
Aberdeen Surgery offers ADHD assessment and ongoing management for children, teenagers and adults with Dr Layth Almallah. This is a private service, so a fee applies, and reception will give you the cost before you book. Ask for a longer appointment when you call.
